David Graeber quote ✍️

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In fact this is precisely the logic on which the Bank of England — the first successful modern central bank — was originally founded. In 1694, a consortium of English bankers made a loan of £1,200,000 to the king. In return they received a royal monopoly on the issuance of banknotes. What this meant in practice was they had the right to advance IOUs for a portion of the money the king now owed them to any inhabitant of the kingdom willing to borrow from them, or willing to deposit their own money in the bank — in effect, to circulate or "monetize" the newly created royal debt. This was a great deal for the bankers (they got to charge the king 8 percent annual interest for the original loan and simultaneously charge interest on the same money to the clients who borrowed it) , but it only worked as long as the original loan remained outstanding. To this day, this loan has never been paid back. It cannot be. If it ever were, the entire monetary system of Great Britain would cease to exist.
David Graeber Debt: The First 5,000 Years banking debt england money

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DEBT 478 clues
MONEY 211 clues
FREEDOM 187 clues
ENGLAND 126 clues
HUMANITY 74 clues
CHILDREN 38 clues
ECONOMICS 35 clues
INSPIRATION 34 clues
HUMILITY 23 clues
BANKING 12 clues
CAPITALISM 5 clues
EXISTENTIAL 4 clues
Section of a curve
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A
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R
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C
Hint 1 meaning
The apparent arc described, above or below the horizon, by the sun or other celestial body. The diurnal arc is described during the daytime, the nocturnal arc during the night.
Hint 2 anagram
CAR
Hint 3 another clue
AID WHEN GOING TO COURT
6 +1

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